When comparing cone 6 and cone 10 pottery for bonsai pots, the main differences lie in the firing temperature and resulting characteristics of the clay.

Firing Temperature:
Cone 6 pottery is fired at approximately 1,222°C (2,232°F), while cone 10 pottery is fired at around 1,285°C (2,345°F).

Different clay bodies have different firing temperatures based on their composition and properties. The firing temperature required for a specific type of clay is determined by factors such as the clay's mineral content, plasticity, porosity, and desired final characteristics. For example, when using cone 6 clay, it fully vitrifies at 1,222°C, using cone 10 clay fully vitrifies at 1,285°C. Any temperatures below your clays maturity is under fired and can result having more porosity then desired. Any temperatures higher then yours clays maturity will be over fired and can result in undesirable results. No matter what clay you use, at full maturity, clay is fully vitrified

Full vitrification in clay refers to the process by which clay is fired to a high enough temperature that it becomes completely fused and transforms into a dense, non-porous, glass-like material. Vitrification occurs when the clay particles melt and flow together, creating a smooth and impermeable surface. This process is crucial for enhancing the strength, durability, and water-resistance of the clay body, making it suitable for a wide range of functional and decorative pottery.

Porosity
Fully vitrified clay has a low absorption rate due to its dense and impermeable structure. This makes it ideal for functional pottery such as tableware, cookware, and bathroom fixtures, as it resists the penetration of liquids and stains, improving hygiene and longevity.

Strength and Durability:
Vitrified clay is exceptionally strong and durable, capable of withstanding wear, impact, and thermal shock. Fully vitrified pottery is less prone to chipping, cracking, or breaking, making it suitable for items that require regular use and handling.

Improved Thermal Properties:
Vitrified clay exhibits good thermal properties, allowing it to resist high temperatures without deforming or melting. This quality is essential for items like ovenware and kiln-fired pottery that are subjected to heat during use or firing processes.

Chemical Resistance:
Fully vitrified clay is more resistant to chemical reactions and corrosion compared to partially vitrified or porous clays. This makes it suitable for items used in demanding environments such as laboratories or industrial settings.

In conclusion, full vitrification in clay is a transformative process that results in a durable, non-porous, and visually appealing material with enhanced functional properties. Achieving full vitrification requires firing the clay at specific high temperatures to ensure complete fusion of the clay particles, creating a strong and resilient finished product suitable for a variety of applications in pottery and ceramics. Manufactured clay can provide data on approx absorption at full vitrification.

Suitability for Outdoor Use:
Cone 6 and cone 10 is more suitable for outdoor use when it is fully vitrified. It is more resistant to weathering and can withstand exposure to the elements better and is the preferable choice for outdoor settings where durability is crucial. Under 5% moisture absorption is considered moisture resistant and is suitable for outdoor use. In areas with glaze, it is considered moisture proof and has should have no absorption.

Major Differences
The choice between cone 6 and cone 10 pottery for bonsai pots ultimately depends on personal preference, aesthetic considerations, and the desired characteristics of the finished pieces.

Fired in an electric kiln, is considered to be a neutral atmosphere.

Firing to Cone 6 glazes melt on top of the pieces giving somewhat predictable results with enough test firings. Glazes of today can now be formulated to give an oxidation firing look.

Firing at Cone 10 something special happens. Oxygen molecules fall off and are replaced. Neutral atmosphere becomes more of an oxygen atmosphere. Glaze and clay become one and can give profound unique aesthetic quality of unpredictability and beauty based on the artist's preferences.